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WHAT IS THE AURORA DOING
TODAY?
What would it be like to sit out in space and
look down on the Earth with special UV glasses? Well, if you
can't do that, what if you could send up a camera that could
take UV pictures and send them back to us? NASA's Ultraviolet
Imager is just the camera that can do that. It was
launched in February 1996. This is the most recent picture
made with the Ultraviolet Imager. It is updated about every 7
minutes when the Polar
spacecraft is in contact with the Earth. Its main job is
to make pictures in the UV of the aurora, or sometimes called
the northern and southern lights. Because of special filters,
the glare of the bright Sun is not a problem and the aurora
can be seen both on the night and day side of the
Earth.
The filters
used in the UVI block the visible reflection of the sun off
the Earth's surface so that only the ultraviolet wavelengths
are imaged. When the activity of the aurora is low, we don't
see much and the images tend to be blue/red. When the activity
is high, the auroral oval is bright gold or white and usually
dynamic. The bright features result from energy being
deposited in the Earth's atmosphere about 100-150 km up in the
form of energetic electrons. These electrons collide with the
Earth's atmosphere, which excite its constituents (primarily
molecular nitrogen and atomic oxygen). The excited molecules
or atoms release the energy in the form of light. The UVI
detects the ultraviolet emitted light. The time is the
Universal Time. Subtract 6 hours to get Central Standard
Time.
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